How does the ocean affect the climate of nearby mountain ranges?

Question: How does the ocean affect the climate of nearby mountain ranges?

The ocean plays a crucial role in shaping the climate of nearby mountain ranges by influencing temperature, precipitation, and wind patterns. Large bodies of water absorb and retain heat, creating moderating effects on coastal climates. This means that areas near oceans generally experience milder winters and cooler summers compared to inland regions. Additionally, oceans contribute to increased moisture levels, which leads to more precipitation over nearby mountains, especially through orographic rainfall—where moist air is pushed upward by the mountains, cools, and condenses into clouds and rain. Ocean currents also affect wind patterns, directing warm or cool air toward mountainous regions and impacting seasonal weather. These combined effects make ocean-influenced mountain climates more temperate and wetter compared to those far from the sea.