Students in a biology class were asked to provide an explanation to explain the presence of a separate dna set in mitochondria and chloroplasts. two students’ explanations are shown in the table.
Question: Students in a biology class were asked to provide an explanation to explain the presence of a separate dna set in mitochondria and chloroplasts. two students’ explanations are shown in the table.
The presence of a separate DNA set in mitochondria and chloroplasts can be explained by two different theories proposed by the two students. The first theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living organisms that were engulfed by larger cells through a process called endosymbiosis. This is supported by the fact that both organelles have their own DNA, similar to bacteria, and reproduce independently within cells. The second theory suggests that the separate DNA set is a result of genetic transfer from the nucleus to these organelles over time, as a way to improve their ability to generate energy through cellular respiration and photosynthesis, respectively. Both theories have evidence to support them, and further research is needed to determine which is more accurate.
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