Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons?

Question: Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons?

Nephrons are the basic functional units of the kidneys. They are responsible for filtering the blood and producing urine. Each nephron consists of two main parts: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains a glomerulus, which is a network of capillaries surrounded by a capsule called Bowman's capsule. The glomerulus filters the blood plasma and allows water and small molecules to pass through, while retaining larger molecules and blood cells. The filtrate then enters the renal tubule, which is divided into four segments: the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. The renal tubule modifies the filtrate by reabsorbing and secreting substances, such as water, electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and urea. The final product of the nephron is urine, which drains into the renal pelvis and then into the ureter.