Question: What is difference between fresnel and fraunhofer diffraction?
The main difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction is the distance between the diffracting object and the screen on which the diffraction pattern is observed.
In Fresnel diffraction, the diffracting object and the screen are located at a finite distance from each other, which means that the diffracted waves converge and diverge on the screen, leading to a complex interference pattern. Fresnel diffraction is commonly observed when light passes through a small aperture, such as a pinhole or a slit.
On the other hand, Fraunhofer diffraction occurs when the diffracting object and the screen are placed at a very large distance from each other. In this case, the diffracted waves can be considered as parallel, resulting in a simpler interference pattern. Fraunhofer diffraction is commonly observed when light passes through a diffraction grating or is reflected off a periodic surface.
Overall, the key difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction is the distance between the diffracting object and the screen, which determines the complexity of the interference pattern observed on the screen.
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