Question: Explain what is meant by proto industrialisation?
Proto-industrialisation refers to a phase of industrial development in Europe between the 16th and 18th centuries, which was characterised by a shift towards manufacturing goods in rural areas using pre-industrial techniques and technology. This phase was marked by the growth of cottage industries, where production was carried out by individuals or families in their homes using hand tools and simple machinery. Proto-industrialisation played a significant role in the development of the factory system and the industrial revolution, as it provided the foundation for the mass production of goods and the mechanisation of production processes. It also had important social and economic implications, as it led to changes in the organisation of work and the emergence of new forms of labour relations, such as the putting-out system and the development of a capitalist economy.
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