How does a trna molecule carrying its amino acid recognize which codon to attach?


Question: How does a trna molecule carrying its amino acid recognize which codon to attach?

A tRNA molecule carrying its amino acid recognizes which codon to attach to through the complementary base pairing between the anticodon on the tRNA molecule and the codon on the mRNA strand. The anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on the tRNA molecule that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA strand. This ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. The pairing between the tRNA anticodon and mRNA codon is facilitated by enzymes called aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, which attach the correct amino acid to the tRNA molecule based on its anticodon sequence.


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