Write short notes on the following?

 

Question: Write short notes on the following?

Classical Conditioning:

1. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that naturally produces a response. Over time, the neutral stimulus becomes associated with the natural stimulus and can elicit the same response as the natural stimulus. This was first demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov and his famous experiment with dogs and ringing a bell.

2. Operant Conditioning:

Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behavior is shaped by its consequences. When a behavior is followed by a reinforcement, such as a reward or positive outcome, it is more likely to be repeated in the future. Conversely, when a behavior is followed by a punishment or negative outcome, it is less likely to be repeated. This was first studied by B.F. Skinner and his experiments with rats in operant conditioning chambers.

3. Social Learning Theory:

Social learning theory suggests that people can learn by observing others and the consequences of their actions. This theory emphasizes the role of modeling, or imitating the behavior of others, as well as the importance of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior. This was developed by Albert Bandura, who conducted the famous Bobo doll experiment to demonstrate the power of observational learning.

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