15. use hybridization to explain why carbon can only form four bonds.

Question: 15. use hybridization to explain why carbon can only form four bonds.

Carbon has four electrons in its outermost shell, which can hold up to eight electrons. To achieve a stable configuration, carbon needs to share four electrons with other atoms. However, the four electrons are not in the same energy level. Two of them are in the 2s orbital and two are in the 2p orbital. To form four equivalent bonds, carbon undergoes hybridization, which is a process of mixing orbitals to create new ones with the same energy and shape. In this case, carbon combines one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals, which are oriented in a tetrahedral shape. Each sp3 orbital can overlap with an orbital from another atom to form a sigma bond. This is how carbon can form four bonds with other atoms.

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