Describe the principle construction and working of a transformer?

Question: Describe the principle construction and working of a transformer?

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It consists of two or more coils of insulated wire, known as the primary and secondary windings, wound around a common magnetic core. The primary winding is connected to an alternating current (AC) power source, while the secondary winding is connected to the load. The transformer operates on the principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, where a changing current in the primary winding generates a varying magnetic field in the core, which induces a voltage in the secondary winding. The ratio of the number of turns in the primary and secondary windings determines the voltage transformation. Transformers are widely used in electrical power transmission and distribution systems to step up or step down voltages efficiently and safely. They are based on the fundamental principle of electromagnetic induction and serve as essential devices in electrical power systems.

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