What are the three quantum numbers used to describe an orbital? Skip to main content

What are the three quantum numbers used to describe an orbital?

Image
By


Question: What are the three quantum numbers used to describe an orbital?

The three quantum numbers used to describe an orbital are:

  1. Principal quantum number (n): This quantum number describes the energy level of the orbital. The higher the value of n, the higher the energy level of the orbital.
  2. Azimuthal quantum number (l): This quantum number describes the shape of the orbital. The value of l can be 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1. The different values of l correspond to different orbital shapes, such as s, p, d, and f orbitals.
  3. Magnetic quantum number (m): This quantum number describes the orientation of the orbital in space. The value of m can range from -l to l.

These three quantum numbers can be used to uniquely identify any orbital in an atom.

Here is a table that shows the different possible values of the three quantum numbers and the corresponding orbital shapes:

nlmOrbital shape
1001s
2002s
21-1, 0, 12px, 2py, 2pz
3003s
31-1, 0, 13px, 3py, 3pz
32-2, -1, 0, 1, 23dxy, 3dyz, 3dxz, 3dzz, 3dx^2-y^2

The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. This means that each orbital can only be occupied by two electrons, one with each spin state.

The three quantum numbers are essential for understanding the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. They are also used to explain the properties of materials, such as electrical conductivity and optical absorption.

Labels

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

let's start discussion

Popular posts from this blog

अज्ञेय का वैवाहिक जीवन उतार-चढ़ाव भरा था, वर्णन कीजिए? Aage ka vaivahik jivan utar chadhav bhara tha varnan kijiye

By
सवाल: अज्ञेय का वैवाहिक जीवन उतार-चढ़ाव भरा था, वर्णन कीजिए? अज्ञेय का वैवाहिक जीवन उतार-चढ़ाव भरा था। उन्होंने दो विवाह किए, लेकिन दोनों विवाह सफल नहीं हो पाए। उनका पहला विवाह 1937 में राजकुमारी रत्नलता से हुआ था। यह विवाह अज्ञेय के परिवार की इच्छा के विरुद्ध था। अज्ञेय के पिता हीरानंद वात्स्यायन संस्कृत के विद्वान थे और वे चाहते थे कि अज्ञेय एक योग्य विदुषी से विवाह करें। रत्नलता एक साधारण परिवार से थीं और वे संस्कृत नहीं जानती थीं। इस कारण से, अज्ञेय के परिवार वालों ने इस विवाह का विरोध किया। अज्ञेय और रत्नलता का विवाह कुछ वर्षों तक चलता रहा, लेकिन अंततः उनका तलाक हो गया। इस तलाक के कई कारण थे, जिनमें अज्ञेय की व्यस्त जीवनशैली, रत्नलता की शिक्षा और सामाजिक पृष्ठभूमि में अंतर, और अज्ञेय के परिवार का विरोध शामिल था। अज्ञेय का दूसरा विवाह 1956 में कपिला मलिक से हुआ था। कपिला एक मशहूर संगीतकार थीं और वे अज्ञेय की साहित्यिक प्रतिभा की प्रशंसक थीं। यह विवाह कुछ वर्षों तक चलता रहा, लेकिन अंततः यह भी विफल हो गया। इस विफलता के कारणों में अज्ञेय के व्यस्त जीवनशैली, कपिला की स्वतंत्रताप्रियता,...
Post a Comment
Read more

Explain voter apathy indifference among the youth considered a challenge for south africa democracy?

By
Question: Explain voter apathy indifference among the youth considered a challenge for south africa democracy?  Voter apathy and indifference among the youth pose significant challenges to South Africa's democracy. When young people disengage from the electoral process, it undermines the representativeness and legitimacy of the government. Low youth voter turnout means that the voices and concerns of young South Africans are underrepresented in policymaking, leading to policies that may not adequately address issues crucial to them, such as unemployment, education, and access to healthcare. This lack of participation can also empower special interests and entrenched elites, further marginalizing young people's voices in the political process. Additionally, voter apathy among the youth can contribute to political instability, as a significant portion of the population feels unheard and unrepresented, 
1 comment
Read more

List four social beliefs in south africa that contribute to the high frequency of sexual assault?

By
Question: List four social beliefs in south africa that contribute to the high frequency of sexual assault? Four societal beliefs in South Africa that contribute to the high frequency of sexual assault include: Gender Inequality and Patriarchy – Deep-rooted patriarchal structures place men in positions of power, leading to the normalization of violence against women and reinforcing male dominance. Victim-Blaming Attitudes – Many believe that victims are responsible for the assault due to their behavior, clothing, or choices, discouraging them from reporting incidents and allowing perpetrators to act without accountability. Cultural Norms Surrounding Masculinity – Traditional views of masculinity emphasize aggression and dominance, leading some men to feel entitled to assert power over women through sexual violence. Silence and Stigma Around Sexual Violence – Many victims fear speaking out due to societal stigma, allowing abuse to go unreported and perpetrators to continue their actions...
Post a Comment
Read more