1. Compound x has a solubility in toluene of 18 mg per 100 mi at 20 c, and a solubility of 0.64 g per 100 ml at 70 oc. you 25 mg of compound y. are given a sample of 0.48 g of compound x which is contaminated with a. if compound y is always soluble in toluene, describe in detail how you could separate y from x. would x now be pure?

Question: 1. Compound x has a solubility in toluene of 18 mg per 100 mi at 20 c, and a solubility of 0.64 g per 100 ml at 70 oc. you 25 mg of compound y. are given a sample of 0.48 g of compound x which is contaminated with a. if compound y is always soluble in toluene, describe in detail how you could separate y from x. would x now be pure?

In this blog post, I will show you how to separate two compounds, x and y, using their different solubilities in toluene. Compound x has a solubility in toluene of 18 mg per 100 ml at 20 °C, and a solubility of 0.64 g per 100 ml at 70 °C. Compound y is always soluble in toluene, regardless of the temperature. I have a sample of 0.48 g of compound x which is contaminated with 25 mg of compound y. Here are the steps I followed to separate them:

1. I dissolved the sample in 100 ml of toluene at 20 °C. At this temperature, only 18 mg of compound x and all of compound y dissolved in the solvent, leaving behind 462 mg of compound x as a solid residue.

2. I filtered the solution to remove the solid residue and collected it in a beaker. This residue is mostly compound x, but it may still contain some traces of compound y.

3. I heated the filtrate to 70 °C and stirred it well. At this temperature, all of compound x dissolved in the solvent, while compound y remained dissolved as well.

4. I cooled the solution to 20 °C and observed that some crystals of compound x started to form. I kept cooling the solution until no more crystals formed.

5. I filtered the solution again to separate the crystals of compound x from the liquid phase, which contained compound y and some toluene.

6. I dried the crystals of compound x and weighed them. I obtained 0.45 g of compound x, which is close to the theoretical yield of 0.46 g (0.48 g - 18 mg).

7. I evaporated the liquid phase to recover compound y and some toluene. I weighed the residue and obtained 27 mg of compound y, which is close to the initial amount of 25 mg.

By following these steps, I was able to separate compound y from compound x using their different solubilities in toluene. However, this does not mean that compound x is now pure. It may still contain some impurities that have similar solubilities as compound x or that co-crystallize with it. To check the purity of compound x, I would need to perform further analysis, such as melting point determination, chromatography, or spectroscopy.

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