Five scientific models that explain the structure of the atom grade 7?

Question: Five scientific models that explain the structure of the atom grade 7?

Sure! Here are five scientific models that explain the structure of the atom, suitable for a Grade 7 level:

1. Dalton's Model (Billiard Ball Model): Proposed by John Dalton in the early 19th century, this model describes atoms as solid, indivisible spheres, much like billiard balls.

2. Thomson's Model (Plum Pudding Model): J.J. Thomson proposed this model in 1897. He suggested that atoms are composed of electrons scattered within a "soup" of positive charge, similar to plums in a pudding.

3. Rutherford's Model (Nuclear Model): Ernest Rutherford's model, developed in 1911, introduced the concept of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center of the atom, with electrons orbiting around it.

4. Bohr's Model (Planetary Model): Niels Bohr improved upon Rutherford's model in 1913 by suggesting that electrons travel in specific orbits or energy levels around the nucleus, much like planets orbiting the sun.

5. Quantum Mechanical Model (Wave-Mechanical Model): This modern model, developed in the 1920s, describes electrons as existing in probability clouds or orbitals around the nucleus, rather than fixed paths. It incorporates principles of quantum mechanics to explain atomic behavior.