How did the scientists explain the relationship between the colors?

Question: How did the scientists explain the relationship between the colors?

Scientists have explained the relationship between colors through various theories and experiments. Sir Isaac Newton's experiments with prisms in the 1660s demonstrated that white light is composed of a spectrum of colors, which he identified as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet (ROYGBIV). This discovery laid the foundation for understanding that colors are a result of light being split into different wavelengths. Later, the trichromatic theory proposed by Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz suggested that the human eye has three types of receptors sensitive to red, green, and blue light, which combine to produce the perception of all colors. Additionally, the interaction of light with electrons in atoms explains how different colors are observed based on the energy levels of electrons. These scientific insights have helped us understand how colors are perceived and how they relate to the physical properties of light.