What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
Question: What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rock?
The primary difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks lies in their formation and cooling processes:
1. Intrusive Igneous Rocks:
- Formation: These rocks form from magma that cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface.
- Cooling Rate: They cool slowly due to the insulating effect of the surrounding rock.
- Crystal Size: Slow cooling allows large crystals to form, making these rocks coarse-grained. Granite is a common example.
2. Extrusive Igneous Rocks:
- Formation: These rocks form from lava that cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface.
- Cooling Rate: They cool quickly because they are exposed to the atmosphere or water.
- Crystal Size: Rapid cooling results in small crystals, making these rocks fine-grained or glassy. Basalt is a typical example.
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