Why is reduction the term used to describe the gain of an electron?


Question: Why is reduction the term used to describe the gain of an electron?

The term "reduction" is used to describe the gain of an electron because, in chemistry, it refers to a decrease in the oxidation state of an atom or molecule. This decrease occurs when an atom or molecule gains electrons, which are negatively charged particles. The historical context of the term comes from processes that involved removing oxygen from ores to produce pure metals, effectively "reducing" the ore. In modern terms, reduction signifies the addition of electrons, leading to a lower oxidation state, while oxidation represents the loss of electrons, resulting in a higher oxidation state. This electron transfer process is fundamental to many chemical reactions and is central to the principles of redox chemistry.

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